Physiotherapy Management For Erb’s Palsy

Physiotherapy Management For Erb’s Palsy: Erb’s palsy, also known as brachial plexus birth palsy, is a condition resulting from injury to the upper brachial plexus (typically involving the C5 and C6 nerve roots). It commonly occurs during childbirth when excessive force is applied to the baby’s shoulder. This injury can lead to weakness or paralysis of the muscles in the shoulder, arm, and hand. 

Role of Physiotherapy in Erb’s Palsy

Physiotherapy is crucial in managing Erb’s palsy, as early intervention helps restore function, prevent deformities, and maximize the child’s potential for recovery. 

Physiotherapy Goals

1. Restore Muscle Function

   – Encourage active and passive movement in the affected arm. 

   – Promote the use of the affected limb in daily activities. 

2. Prevent Joint Stiffness and Deformities

   – Maintain range of motion (ROM) to prevent contractures. 

   – Support normal joint alignment through splinting or positioning. 

3. Enhance Muscle Strength 

   – Strengthen weak muscles through targeted exercises. 

4. Promote Sensory Awareness

   – Improve sensory input in the affected limb to ensure normal development. 

Physiotherapy Interventions

1. Early Stages (0–6 Months)

– Positioning and Handling: Educate parents on safe handling to protect the arm and encourage proper alignment. 

– Gentle Passive ROM Exercises: Prevent stiffness in the shoulder, elbow, and wrist joints. 

– Tummy Time: Encourage prone positioning to improve shoulder stability and muscle activation. 

2. Developmental Stages (6 Months–1 Year) 

– Active-Assisted Exercises: Encourage the child to use the affected arm during play. 

– Functional Activities: Introduce toys that promote bilateral arm use. 

– Tactile Stimulation: Use textured objects to improve sensory input in the affected arm. 

3. Later Stages (1 Year and Beyond)

– Strengthening Exercises: Focus on functional strengthening of the biceps, and rotractor cuff muscles. 

– Task-Specific Training: Incorporate age-appropriate tasks that require arm use, such as stacking blocks or throwing balls. 

– Stretching: Regular stretching to prevent contractions, especially in cases of residual weakness. 

Additional Techniques 

1. Electrical Stimulation: May be used to stimulate weak muscles and improve contraction. 

2. Splinting or Taping: For joint support and to correct alignment. 

3. Parental Education: Teaching home exercises and encouraging daily arm use during routine activities. 

When to Refer for Surgery

– Lack of improvement in function by 3–6 months. 

– Severe nerve damage requiring surgical intervention, such as nerve grafting or tendon transfer. 

Prognosis

With early and consistent physiotherapy, most children with Erb’s palsy recover significant function. However, the extent of recovery depends on the severity of the nerve injury. Long-term physiotherapy may be required in cases with residual weakness or deformity. 

 Physiotherapy plays a pivotal role in the rehabilitation of children with Erb’s palsy. A multidisciplinary approach, involving physiotherapists, parents, and pediatricians, ensures optimal recovery and helps the child achieve their developmental milestones.

For Effective Management of Erb’s Palsy,

Contact Effective Physiotherapy & Fitness Clinic Immediately! We’re located at

Address: No. 2D Ajumgobia (FIA) Close, Kado Estate, Abuja

Phone number: +234 803 436 5055 or +234 811 885 6060 or +234 909 860 4470.

Website: www.effectivephysio.com
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